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Unit 8

fallout concrete and human meaning. In March 1954 the United States exploded an experimental thermonuclear device at Bikini atoll, expected to have the power of 8 million tons of TNT. The actual yield was almost double that predicted. A Japanese fishing vessel was accidentally contaminated, and its crew suffered from radiation sickness, as did the inhabitants of an atoll in the area. In another such accident, 20 radioactive rain containing debris from a Soviet hydrogen bomb test fell on Japan. As knowledge of the nature and effects of fallout increased, and as it became apparent that no region was untouched by radioactive debris, the issue of continued nuclear tests drew widened and intensified public attention.

13. The word “they” in line 6 refers to -

(1) the years following the test ban treaty (2) the laborious steps towards agreement (3) the 8 years prior to SALT (4) the complex technical problems evolving during negotiations

14. The uneven progress of the negotiations over the test ban treaty-

(1) (2) (3) (4)

caused fluctuations in East-West relations was caused by the problems of verification

did not interfere with the success of the negotiations mirrored the fluctuations in East-West relations

15. It can be inferred from the text that -

(1) a nuclear explosion’s consequences are not fully predictable (2) the US is hostile towards the Bikini atoll’s population (3) radioactive debris can damage both concrete and humans (4) political conflicts did not affect the test ban treaty

16. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that -

(1) all regions were polluted by radioactivity (2) not a single area was contaminated by radioactive tests

(3) the issue of nuclear tests has been gaining the same attention for years (4) because of intensified public attention, knowledge of nature has increased

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