High-Q | English פסיכומטרי

Unit 2

the stars, it was necessary for Claudius Ptolemy to propose that the stars exhibited a bewildering complexity of movements.

When Nicolaus Copernicus looked at the same heavens, he rejected the geocentric theory for a heliocentric theory that placed the sun at the center and the planets in a circular orbit revolving around the sun. Copernicus argued that his theory eliminated the 15 need for complex trigonometric curves to explain the motions in the heavens. While there were some discrepancies between heliocentric theory and the heavenly motions (these would be eventually resolved when Johannes Kepler replaced the circular orbits with elliptical ones), the simplicity of the Copernican theory eventually won the day.

18. According to Occam's razor, a better theory is -

(1) a complex one (2) a sharp one (3) a meager one (4) a simple one

שורה 5 : "אם הסבר פשוט מספק, אין טעם לחפש ה סבר מסובך" .

19. “A young Polish cleric” (lines 7-8) refers to -

(1) Kepler (2) Ptolemy (3) William of Occam (4) Copernicus

קופרניקוס.

בשורה 63 נוקבים בשמו של איש הכמורה

– הפולני

20. Geocentric and heliocentric theories agree that -

(1)

the sun is the center of the universe

(2) there is one center of rotation (3)

the earth is the center of the universe

(4) Occam's razor is a valid method for choosing the best scientific theory

בפסקאות 2 -ו 3 מדובר על מסלולים סביב מרכז מסוים, כאשר התיאוריות חל וקות לגבי מיקומו.

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