High-Q | סימולציה 13

40

סימולציה מס' 13

פרק שלישי

– אנגלית

Text II (Questions 18-22)

Men who have studied living organisms have been enormously impressed by the apt relationships which they develop with their environment. Numerous studies have probed the matter and we can take the honeybee as but one example. It is a social creature whose basic functions, notably the reproductive cycle, require the care and feeding of an entire colony. As with any society, this basic task requires that decisions 5 be made, and researchers have naturally been curious as to how such a limited organism as the bee manages to make successful decisions. How, for instance, does a group of worker bees manage to locate pollen bearing flowers at a place remote from the hive and focus their efforts on gathering the pollen and bringing it back to the hive? Studies have shown that they use the sun for navigation 10 and a peculiar dance for communicating the location of the pollen source to other workers by giving them instructions regarding the angle and direction of the sun in reference to the field. This task requires a very sophisticated set of calculations which no one believes bees are able to perform. Such observations lead the theorist to look for a highly simple decision mechanism which will account for the successful decisions of the 15 bees while taking into account the limitations of the bees' thinking abilities.

Questions

18. According to the first paragraph, living organisms -

(1) have not been studied much (2) adjust well to their environment (3) are impressed by the environment (4) develop poor relationships with their environment

19. “This basic task” (line 5) refers to -

(1) the reproductive cycle (2) decision making (3) any task of a society (4) feeding an entire colony

20. It is now assumed that decisions are made by honeybees -

(1) by using a complex set of calculations (2) by consulting the important bees of the hive (3) through a peculiar dance (4) by some simple decision mechanism

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