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Reading Comprehension

Jean Jacques Rousseau, a French philosopher, writing in the latter half of the 10 eighteenth century, believed that the child is endowed with an innate moral sense. In “Emile” he spoke of the child as a “noble savage” with intuitive knowledge of what is right and wrong, but foiled by restrictions imposed on him by society. Rousseau suggested that no great harm to the child or to society would result if the child grows with little adult supervision and direction. The child will become 15 increasingly fit to live in the world, not by virtue of ceaseless supervision on the part of his governors, but because nature has given him an order of development that ensures his healthy growth. More than that, the typical interventions of parents and teachers mar and distort the natural succession of the changes of childhood; the child that man raises is almost certain to be inferior to the child that nature raises. 20

16. According to the first paragraph, it can be inferred that Locke believed that - (1) people can be influenced only when they are adults (2) all young children have exactly the same character (3) children are easily influenced by their environment (4) children will develop according to their “native propensities” 17. According to Locke, the goal of educating is to - (1) encourage the child’s native propensities (2) liberate the child’s native propensities (3) enable people to overcome irrational desires (4) deny children their own identity

18. The phrase “from their very

cradles” (line 9) suggests children-

(1) should not be allowed to sleep in cradles (2) ought to be disciplined from the very beginning, when they are still babies (3) should have restricted sleeping hours (4) must sleep in cradles as part of their education

19. Rousseau viewed education as -

(1) interfering with the child's development (2) helping the child to develop positively (3) almost free of any intuition (4) filling in the tabula rasa

20. The views on education of Locke and Rousseau - (1) are almost identical (2) are based on the same view of human nature (3) contrast sharply (4) can be regarded as complementary

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